"description":"Test your capabilities in the KYPO Cyber Range Platform.",
"prerequisites":[],
"outcomes":[],
"state":"UNRELEASED",
"show_stepper_bar":true,
"levels":[{
"title":"Info",
"level_type":"INFO_LEVEL",
"order":0,
"estimated_duration":0,
"content":"# Little summary before you start\n\nThis training contains all types of levels to test your capabilities of the KYPO Cyber Range Platform.\n\n| Level | Level Name | Level Type |\n|:------:|------| ------ |\n| 1. | Info | Info |\n| 2. | Finding Open Ports | Training |\n| 3. | Connecting via Telnet | Training |\n| 4. | Privilege Escalation | Training |\n| 5. | Test your knowledge | Assessment |\n| 6. | Feedback | Assessment |\n\n\n## Info about each level:\n\n\n* \n### Info\nYou are currently on this level. It contains information about this whole training and what awaits you in next levels.\n\n\n* \n### Finding open ports\nThe level will test you on some basic commands. Your goal is to find an open port on server.\n\n\n* \n### Connecting Via Telnet\nThis level's challenge is to connect to the server machine without a password and discover the secret answer. Don't worry, you will have a little help there :)\n\n\n* \n### Privilege Escalation\nThis level is a little bit bigger challenge and by that we mean you have to gain root privileges and read an answer available only to a root user. Enjoy! \n\n\n* \n### Test your knowledge\nThis level contains a simple test. This test is supposed to additionally test you, your answers and how much you understand this topic.\n\n\n* \n### Feedback\nThis level contains a simple questionnaire so we will get some feedback and we will be able to make this training better and better. "
},{
"title":"Finding open ports",
"level_type":"TRAINING_LEVEL",
"order":1,
"estimated_duration":10,
"answer":"2323",
"answer_variable_name":null,
"content":"Your main goal is to get access to a **server**. There is **telnet** service and it is not running on a default open port. You have to find the **port** on which telnet service is running. Your answer will be a **port number**. \n\n1. Access **client console CLI** and open it. Your username and password are **kypo**.\n2. Find the **port number**. You can use a lot of options how to find the correct port number. ",
"solution":"1. Connect to the client using either of the options.\n\n2. Look for open ports using the command **`nmap server`**. You can see **ssh** running on port **22** and some other service running on port **2323**. This has to be the **telnet** service.\n\n3. Enter **`2323`** as the answer.",
"solution_penalized":true,
"hints":[{
"title":" Tool to find open ports",
"content":"Use **nmap** and if you don't know how to use it, write **`nmap --help`**.",
"hint_penalty":50,
"order":0
}],
"incorrect_answer_limit":10,
"attachments":[],
"max_score":100,
"variant_answers":false,
"reference_solution":[]
},{
"title":"Connecting via Telnet",
"level_type":"TRAINING_LEVEL",
"order":2,
"estimated_duration":10,
"answer":"Top_Secret_Flag",
"answer_variable_name":null,
"content":"Now you have the **port number** and you would like to connect, but you don't have any credentials. Luckily you know that user **`alice`** has a weak password. You might be able to guess it. The answer is in alices home directory. There is a list of common passwords placed in your home directory for your convenience. Try to use a specific tool to get the password. After you get the password, join the server with username and your newly found password. Then search in **`alice`** home directory for the answer.\n\n",
"solution":"1. You know that **alice** has a weak password so you can try a dictionary attack. A list of common passwords is ready in your home directory. One of possible tools to make a password attack is **hydra**. A command to find the password is **`hydra -l alice -P passlist.txt telnet://server:2323`**. This will reveal alices password **`bacon`**.\n\n2. Now you can connect to the server by using **`telnet server 2323`**, entering username **`alice`** and her password **`bacon`**.\n\n3. To read the answer you can use **`cat flag.txt`**. The answer is **`Top_Secret_Flag`**.\n",
"solution_penalized":true,
"hints":[{
"title":"Hydra",
"content":"Try using Hydra command to get Alices password. ",
"hint_penalty":20,
"order":0
},{
"title":"Connecting to alice",
"content":"For connecting to alice server you will need to use a command with **telnet port** and **IP Address**.",
"hint_penalty":20,
"order":1
}],
"incorrect_answer_limit":10,
"attachments":[],
"max_score":100,
"variant_answers":false,
"reference_solution":[]
},{
"title":"Privilege Escalation",
"level_type":"TRAINING_LEVEL",
"order":3,
"estimated_duration":15,
"answer":"Cant_Guess_This",
"answer_variable_name":null,
"content":"Great! You managed to login to the server as **alice** but there is not much you can do as this user. Can you find a way to become **root**? Try and look into the root directory ;).\n\nOne of common privilege escalation attack vectors is badly configured **sudo**. To see what you can use sudo for, use the **`sudo --list`** command.",
"solution":"1. You can see that the only command you can use sudo on is **` sudo less /home/alice/flag.txt`**. There is not much to see in the flag, but you can run this as **root**. Is there a way to get a shell?\n\n2. There is, all you have to do is enter **`!sh`** while running the **`sudo less /home/alice/flag.txt`** to get a root shell.\n\n3. To get the answer, use **`cd`** to enter the root directory and **`cat flag.txt`** to read the answer. The answer is **`Cant_Guess_This`**.",
"solution_penalized":true,
"hints":[{
"title":"Using the privilege escalation",
"content":"You have probably figured out that you can run **sudo** on a certain **less** command. To get a shell run **`sudo less /home/alice/flag.txt`**, enter the password. Type **`!sh`** to get a root shell.",
"hint_penalty":30,
"order":0
}],
"incorrect_answer_limit":10,
"attachments":[],
"max_score":100,
"variant_answers":false,
"reference_solution":[]
},{
"title":"Test",
"level_type":"ASSESSMENT_LEVEL",
"order":4,
"estimated_duration":5,
"questions":[{
"question_type":"FFQ",
"text":"What was alices password?",
"points":100,
"penalty":0,
"order":0,
"answer_required":true,
"choices":[{
"text":"bacon",
"correct":true,
"order":0
}]
},{
"question_type":"MCQ",
"text":"The Telnet service was running on the default port.",
"points":100,
"penalty":0,
"order":1,
"answer_required":true,
"choices":[{
"text":"Yes",
"correct":false,
"order":0
},{
"text":"No",
"correct":true,
"order":1
}]
},{
"question_type":"FFQ",
"text":"What was the name of the text document in which were the passwords stored?",
"points":100,
"penalty":0,
"order":2,
"answer_required":true,
"choices":[{
"text":"passlist.txt",
"correct":true,
"order":0
}]
},{
"question_type":"MCQ",
"text":"From how many passwords were you guessing with hydra?",
"points":100,
"penalty":0,
"order":3,
"answer_required":true,
"choices":[{
"text":"More than 500",
"correct":true,
"order":0
},{
"text":"Less than 500",
"correct":false,
"order":1
}]
},{
"question_type":"EMI",
"text":"Match the IP Addresses with correct devices.",
"points":100,
"penalty":0,
"order":4,
"answer_required":true,
"extended_matching_options":[{
"text":"192.168.30.5",
"order":0
},{
"text":"192.168.20.5 ",
"order":1
},{
"text":"100.100.100.5",
"order":2
}],
"extended_matching_statements":[{
"text":"Client IP Address",
"order":0,
"correct_option_order":0
},{
"text":"Server IP Address",
"order":1,
"correct_option_order":1
},{
"text":"Router IP Address",
"order":2,
"correct_option_order":2
}]
}],
"instructions":"A simple test.",
"assessment_type":"TEST"
},{
"title":"Feedback",
"level_type":"ASSESSMENT_LEVEL",
"order":5,
"estimated_duration":2,
"questions":[{
"question_type":"FFQ",
"text":"What do you think about this training? Did you learn anything new?",
"points":0,
"penalty":0,
"order":0,
"answer_required":true,
"choices":[{
"text":"Answer 1",
"correct":true,
"order":0
}]
},{
"question_type":"EMI",
"text":"Do you agree that...?",
"points":0,
"penalty":0,
"order":1,
"answer_required":false,
"extended_matching_options":[{
"text":"Yes",
"order":0
},{
"text":"A little bit",
"order":1
},{
"text":"Not really",
"order":2
},{
"text":"not at all",
"order":3
}],
"extended_matching_statements":[{
"text":"The test was easy?",
"order":0
},{
"text":"You used a lot of time googling??",
"order":1
}]
},{
"question_type":"FFQ",
"text":"How would you improve this demo?",
"points":0,
"penalty":0,
"order":2,
"answer_required":false,
"choices":[{
"text":"Answer 1",
"correct":true,
"order":0
}]
}],
"instructions":"Please answer the questions. The last question is voluntary.",
